IAS Newsletter, February 2016

Abstract

 HKUST JOCKEY CLUB INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY IAS Newsletter Feb 2016

港科院 蘇童 文學: 賣夢者的夢 舒婷 我的被朦朧:兼談兩首詩歌的創作 李洱 Contents 賈寶玉長大後怎麼辨 紅樓夢 1 Words from the Director 2 IAS Chatroom Exploring the Universe through a Discovery with Neutrinos - A Dialogue between Prof Henry Tye and Prof Kam-Biu Luk on High Energy Physics 6 Knowledge Corner Fitness Landscape: A Computational Approach to Combatting Diseases 8 IAS Chatroom Think Macro, Act Micro - A Chat with Prof Rachel Ngai on Economics, Research and Life 12 IAS Scenery Greeting the Dawn 14 IAS Community Nobel Laureate Shed Light on Global Economy 14 Nexus of Great Minds 15 IAS Academicians Participate in ASHK Establishment 16 An Honor of Two Cities 17 IAS Visiting Professor Receives 2015 Materials Theory Award 18 19 Event Highlights 27 Forthcoming Events 28 Call for Proposals Words from the Director His team's groundbreaking discovery of the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation has furthered humanity's understanding of the origin of the universe. The good news does not end here. Prof Kam-Biu Luk, our Senior Visiting Fellow and a member of our fundamental physics research team, spent the past Fall term here. He was a leader of the Daya Bay research team which received the 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics for their investigations on neutrino oscillation. In the same month, Sir John Pendry, our Visiting Professor, was awarded an HKUST honorary doctorate degree for his distinguished accomplishments in the academia. As scientists and scholars endeavor to unlock the secrets of our world, so does IAS strive to stimulate the development and exchange of their knowledge and ideas. 2016 marks the 101h anniversary of IAS. It was founded in 2006 with an inaugural lecture by Prof Stephen Hawking and Prof Paul Chu as the Founding Director. Since then, the IAS community has grown substantially over the years. Today, we host about 50 fellows of all ranks and a similar number of prominent scholars with IAS visiting appointments. Hundreds of researchers from around the world come here for conferences, workshops, programs, lectures and collaborations every year. The agreement recently signed with Gordon Research Conferences to hold up to eight conferences each summer marks another milestone for IAS. It would not have been attainable were it not for the staunch support from the University and our faculty. We are also grateful for Croucher Foundation's and K. C. Wong Education Foundation's generosity, which has contributed to our stride. The success of all these activities is also only possible with a strong and dedicated team of staff. We are happy to have $herring Ng as IAS's new Head, Administration and Development to lead the team. Of course, your continuous support is indispensable for making IAS a world class intellectual hub. Don't hesitate to let us know if you have any suggestions or insights on our path to research excellence. Read on to learn more about what the community and we have achieved in the past season. Henry Tye Director HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom • • Exploring the Universe through a Discovery with Neutrinos Kam-Biu, I am very happy that you have been in Hong Kong for the past five months. We have had many discussions about neutrino physics and co/liders and we have benefited a great deal from your presence. We all know that the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment that you have been leading for more than 10 years is a major accomplishment in neutrino physics. Could you share with us how you initiated the project and the vision of the experiment? Thanks for hosting my visit here at IAS, Henry. I have really enjoyed the visit. In particular, having so many outstanding staff supporting the Institute is a big plus. I have also enjoyed talking with the young researchers at HKUST and other folks outside the university. At the beginning of this millennium, I was a member of the KamLAND experiment (the neutrino experiment using the Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Antineutrino Detector at the Kamioka Observatory in Japan). Toward the end of 2001, my Japanese colleagues invited me to join what is now called the T2K experiment (another neutrino oscillation* experiment using the Super-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam sent from Takai to Kamioka in Japan). Because of this invitation, we formed a working group at Berkeley to look into various neutrino projects. In 2003, KamLAND announced the first discovery of reactor anti-neutrino disappearance, which inspired me to further explore the neutrino oscillation parameters. We believed that the neutrino mixing angle, 813, should be Prof Kam-Biu Luk, IAS Senior Visiting Fellow 1976 Graduated with a BSc in Physics from the University of Hong Kong 1983 Obtained his PhD from Rutgers University 1984 Started postdoctoral research at the University of Washington 1986 Received an R.R. Wilson Fellowship from Fermilab 1989 Joined the University of California at Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory as a faculty member 2002 Initiated the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment 2014 Awarded the 2014 WK.H. Panofsky Prize in Experimental Particle Physics by the American Physical Society 2015 Won the 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics as the co-leader of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment *Neutrino oscillation is how one type of neutrino morphs into another type and back. The Daya Bay Collaboration team is co-led by Prof Luk (front row, 'l' from left) and Prof Yifang Wang from /HEP (front row, 8'' from left). smaller than the other two angles and could be zero. Knowing the value of 813 is critical for defining the direction of the search for charge-parity violation (CP violation) in neutrino oscillation. This was so important that I started to think of initiating a project on 813 measurement. Regarding the Daya Bay experiment, the idea was conceived over the Christmas in 2002. Because the experiment would involve nuclear power reactors, I looked at all of the reactors worldwide and eventually narrowed the choice down to a few places, preferably the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant. With the help of my friends, Prof Kwong Sang Cheng and Prof John Leung from the Department of Physics at the University of Hong Kong (HKU), I managed to get some attention from the China Light and Power Company Limited regarding the possibility of setting up the experiment at Daya Bay. However, due to SARS, the first serious discussion with the Hong Kong colleagues about the proposal in person was delayed until July 2003. In November 2003, we held the first meeting at HKU with Chinese colleagues from the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other institutions, which led to the birth of the collaboration and the experiment. By a stroke of luck, the US Department of Energy also Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom became interested and was willing to collaborate as an equal partner. The multinational collaboration was finally shaped with researchers from mainland China, the US, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Russia, and the Czech Republic getting involved. The experiment began data taking with six detectors on the Christmas Eve of 2011. By early 2012, after we had collected the first batch of data, we found to our great surprise that 813 is indeed smaller than the two other mixing angles, but is still much bigger than we had anticipated. This discovery completely changed our direction on neutrino oscillation. With a non-zero value, we can now use reactors to measure the neutrino mass hierarchy, an important element for understanding other neutrino properties such as neutrinoless double beta-decays and the detail of supernova explosion, and we can study the charge-conjugation parity symmetry of neutrino oscillation in the future. The current goal of the Daya Bay experiment is to push the precision of 813 to the limit. We are trying our best to provide the best measurement in the world. Prof Henry Tye 3 4 Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom • • • That's a great story! So the team will continue measuring 813, and we look forward to hearing more good news. Apart from the mass hierarchy problem, CP violation is another remaining question in neutrino observation. We know that the US and Japan are each launching related experiments. Which experiment do you think will be the most promising in obtaining relevant information? At this stage, the experiment in the US, the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) operated by Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), seems to have the best chance to make advancements in this area. Yet, the Japanese Hyper-Kamiokande experiment (Hyper-K) may be able to get ahead of DUNE in a few years. The future of Hyper-K may depend on Japan's decision on whether to host the International Linear Collider (ILC) or not. I can't tell for sure. However, if we look at the scientific potential of the experiments, I think DUNE is on pretty good ground. The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is carried out at the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant with eight antineutrino detectors installed in three underground experimental halls. Just now you mentioned /LC. What is your take on the possibility of building the collider in mainland China? How do you think Hong Kong can play a role in high energy physics? Especially that we have just learned that such a collider may be within 100km from Hong Kong. • • • I think that is a very natural outcome because the current Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC) cannot last forever. To continue the research, China needs to move forward with a new machine. My concern is more about the global coordination between countries. As most countries have already been involved in other international programs, I think they will try to be neutral about China's. Our Chinese colleagues will have to push the project by themselves until there is a better idea about collaboration. As an international city with excellent infrastructure, Hong Kong could serve as a lively hub for research activities in high energy physics. Obviously, the programs and workshops organized by IAS provide a good platform for bringing theorists, experimentalists and accelerator physicists together to interact. Should the Chinese future collider be located close to Hong Kong, since there is already a highway and a high-speed train line running in the proximity of the site, it would be quite convenient to access the site from here. Thus, I can imagine some of the foreign physicists would station in Hong Kong and commute to the facility as needed. They could even affiliate with IAS or the other local universities as visiting scientists. In the long run, it would benefit Hong Kong immensely in many dimensions, not just in basic research. You grew up in Hong Kong and obtained your undergraduate degree in physics at HKU. How did you become interested in science, in particular physics? What excites you about research and drives you to pursue research excellence? I liked to build models and telescopes when I was small so I discovered that I liked science. I settled on physics because I am a practical person. And, to be honest, I am not good at memorizing names and vocabulary so I eliminated biology and chemistry. After undergraduate study, Prof Luk pursued his PhD at the Rutgers University in the US. I ruled out mathematics because it is a bit too abstract to me. So in the end I chose physics. I love to get my hands dirty and take things apart and then put them back together. Research is just a good fit to my personality. To me, research is like solving puzzles. Also, the eureka moment is just fantastic. Both the process and the end result excite me and make me look forward to different challenges. © Photo by Steve Jennings/Getty Images for Breakthrough Prize The Daya Bay Collaboration won the 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics together with four other research teams 'for the fundamental discovery and exploration of neutrino oscillations, revealing a new frontier beyond, and possibly far beyond, the standard model of particle physics.' The recipients, including Prof Luk and Prof Yifang Wang, were at the prize presentation ceremony held on 8 November 2015. • • Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom As a researcher myself, I completely agree with you that it feels amazing when you have finally solved a puzzle. Still, being a researcher is not without its frustrations and may not be suitable for just anyone. What advice would you give to Hong Kong students who want to devote themselves to research? First of all it is important to have a dream or a goal. Then you need to have the passion and the persistence to pursue it. I believe success is tied to determination and endurance. Knowing your own learning style can help to find the right place to grow. Some students prefer self-exploration while others like to work with peers, so it is very important to know what you want to do and how you want to do it. AFTERWORD Undoubtedly, 2015 and 2016 have been remarkable years for neutrino science, with physicists in the field being awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize and the neutrino experiments including the Daya Bay team receiving the 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics. This is a major achievement and very well deserved. I am happy that neutrinos are very well recognized and look forward to more breakthroughs. 5 6 Feb 2016 Knowledge Corner Fitness Landscape: A Computational Approach to Combatting Diseases By Dr Raymond H. Y. Lou ie, IAS Junior Fellow and Research Assistant Professor of Electronic and Computer Engineering Despite the significant advances in medical research over the past decade, infectious diseases continue to have a devastating impact on humankind, resulting in high mortality rates and financial burden. For example, despite the fact that HIV was discovered over 30 years ago, there is still no viable vaccine, resulting in over 35 million people currently living with HIV. Influenza was discovered nearly a century ago, and continues to cause high annual mortality rates. Clearly, new approaches are required to combat these deadly diseases. The past decade has also revealed an explosion of DNA and RNA sequence data for many of the diseases which plague mankind. This revolution is due to Next Generation Sequencing technology, which has allowed rapid and cost-effective sequencing. This has created many exciting research opportunities, as this data can be analyzed to reveal potentially important properties of these diseases, including their vulnerabilities. IAS Visiting Professor Arup Chakraborty from Massachusetts Institute of Technology has recently pioneered an approach which performs statistical analysis of HIV statistical signal processing + viral sequences 4 00000 3 00000 200000 100000 The IAS Focused1'rogram on Computational and Experimental Immunology held in 2014 was the first /AS program focused computational immunology. Prof Chakraborty was one of the speakers and delivered a lecture On 'How to Hit HIV Where It Hurts'. Feb 20 16 Knowledge Corner Construction of the viral fitness landscape fitness landscape T/1/2002 71112007 Dates 1/1/201 0 Growth of influenza sequences in GenBank 7/1/2012 111 /2015 sequence data in order to find key vulnerabilities in the virus. This involves applying sophisticated statistical methods to construct a so-called 'fitness landscape'. This landscape maps each RNA sequence to a fitness value, which represents how deadly the particular HIV virus sequence variant is. This fitness landscape can then be used for the rational design of a vaccine. The key idea is to design a vaccine which will induce an immune response to force the virus to mutate into areas of low fitness. There are many exciting opportunities which can build upon Prof Chakraborty's pioneering approach to construct more accurate fitness landscapes, or to obtain fitness landscapes for different viruses which may require a totally different statistical approach than for HIV. For example, as there is a strong antibody response for influenza, its evolution is more significantly different from the evolution of HIV, and thus new statistical approaches will have to be developed for influenza. To tackle these important challenges, Prof Matthew McKay and Prof I-Ming Hsing in the Division of Biomedical Engineering have established a Computational Immunology group at HKUST. Together with Prof Chakraborty, the group aims to utilize the multi-disciplinary skills of its group members in statistical signal processing and immunology to analyze DNA and RNA sequences for different viruses such as influenza, hepatitis C and HIV. The goal is to design effective drug and vaccines using the fitness landscape. 7

Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom gap between the top 5% of developed countries and the bottom 5% of undeveloped countries is about 40 times. In terms of work hours, laborers in poorer countries have to work for a whole year to earn the same amount as those in richer countries earn in a month. This inspired me to seek a more in-depth explanation, and that finally became my dissertation, in which I argued that poorer countries are undergoing a huge transition. Later on, when I started working at LSE, I shared my ideas about structural transformation with Professor Sir Christopher Pissarides. From then we started our joint project on structural change and economic growth. We found that the key process associated with economic growth is that a country transforms itself from an agricultural to a manufacturing and then a service economy. This has occurred in all developed countries, and developing countries such as China are experiencing it. 9 10 Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom • • I would say that I am an applied macroeconomist, because I am always motivated by macroeconomic facts. My approach to a question in research is to look at the facts, think about the key reasons, write down a model, test the model against real data, and then check if the model can predict something that is meaningful. Born in Sichuan in China, Prof Ngai moved to Hong Kong with her family when she was six. Do you think democracy is also one of the conditions for a country to achieve economic growth? There has been a long debate on whether democracy promotes economic growth, and the answer until today is still ambiguous. Democracy means that people are free to choose and decide what is best for their own country. They have the right to vote and the freedom to express themselves. To some extent, this forms the foundation of an open government and the basis for welcoming new ideas, which may favor economic growth. However, some countries have experienced rapid economic growth without democracy in the usual sense, which is true in China. • • •• When you left HKUST for the US to pursue PhD studies, did you experience any cultural shock? How did you adapt to the lifestyle in the States? I did my undergraduate study here at HKUST from 1993 to 1996. In my generation, students were still very obedient. We respected teachers and believed in everything they taught us. We did not challenge teachers or textbooks. When I went to the US I still got good grades on exams and even received an award for being the best student in my first year, despite not knowing how to ask questions. However, I faced problems from the second year on. I was not as assertive as other students, as I only knew how to answer questions, not how to ask questions. I was intimidated by this realization. It took me a long time to rebuild my confidence and master the skills of critical thinking. Asking questions is essential for a researcher, as you need to develop your own viewpoints. In 1993, Prof Ngai won a scholarship to enter HKUST as an undergraduate. As a full-time faculty member and mother of a toddler, how do you balance work and family? To be honest, I still haven't achieved that balance . It is a constant struggle. Either you sacrifice some of your career ambitions or sacrifice the time you spend with your child. For me, trying to avoid • • Started as an exchange student at the University of Pennsylvania, Prof Ngai ended up finishing her postgraduate studies there with a fellowship. those sacrifices means that I give up all my leisure time, and even sleeping time. However, I have to say that I am very happy with such chaos. I feel blessed that I can pursue my career but still have a very close bond with my son. Naturally, I wish there was a better balance. Right now, I am still in search of that equilibrium. You have been connected with HKUST for a long time. First as an undergraduate student, then as a Visiting Associate Professor some years back, and now as a Visiting Fellow of /AS. Do you see any change in the learning environment and students' attitudes over the years? Where do you see your alma mater being in 20 years, with /AS playing a pivotal role in driving research excellence? The local students have become more confident and independent. I think it is a result of having a nice blend of local and foreign students. When I Feb 2016 IAS Chatroom was teaching courses here at HKUST, I could see the local students, mainland students, and overseas students influencing each other positively by bringing in different approaches to thinking. This interaction helps local students to observe and explore the world with a wider perspective. In addition, compared to my generation, students now are more proactive in asking questions and raising new ideas. They are also very capable of presenting their ideas. I asked them to read some research papers and give presentations, and they all did a great job. Their English proficiency is much higher these days as well. I joined IAS in 2011, and I see that IAS has been growing very fast and in a very good direction. IAS is acting as an effective engine for the development of research in different fields through organizing research seminars and guest lectures and by bringing in top-notch scholars to arouse students' interest in research. Apart from work, Prof Ngai devotes most of her time to her family, especially her 5-year-old son while she is still striking the balance between work and family. 11

14 Nobel Laureate Shed Light on Global Economy Sir Christopher Pissarides, IAS Helmut & Anna Pao Sohmen Professor-at-Large, spent his residence at HKUST in September and December 2015 and shared his thoughts of the current trends in economic situations worldwide. In the IAS Nobel Lecture and an interview on RTHK Channel 3's program Money Talk in September, Sir Chris talked about Europe's handling of the Greek economic crisis and the future of the Eurozone. He commented that one of the features of the crisis was that countries acted out of self-interest, which did not form a good basis for future cooperation. In the Conference on Urbanization, Structural Change, and Employment organized by HKUST Institute for Emerging Market Studies in December, Sir Chris presented his recent study on China's mobility barriers and labor market outcomes, a collaboration with IAS Visiting Fellow Prof Rachel Ngai and Prof Jin Wang from Division of Social Science. The conference was an activity of the World Bank Network on Jobs and Development, featuring original research on the developments of emerging markets and developing countries from scholars worldwide. Sir Chris gave a lecture on 'China's Mobility Barriers and Labor Market Outcomes' in the Conference on Urbanization, Structural Change, and Employment held in December 2015. Feb 2016 IAS Community IAS is dedicated to serving as an intellectual hub for prominent scholars and talented researchers. This academic year, we are pleased to welcome Nobel laureate Prof George Smoot, winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics, who is joining us as IAS Helmut & Anna Pao Sohmen Professor-at-Large. Prof Smoot, currently Professor Emeritus of Physics at the University of California at Berkeley, is a renowned astrophysicist and cosmologist who made a huge impact on the models of cosmic inflation and the Big Bang Theory. He co-leads the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite (COBE) team with Prof John Mather, co-winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics, focusing on the discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation. Prof Smoot is our 4th IAS faculty member, and this spring he will have his first residence at IAS to interact with HKUST faculty members and students. IAS also welcomed new Junior and Postdoctoral Fellows on 9 October 2015 at the annual orientation session. Attended by almost 30 young scholars from around the world including Finland, Iran and Japan, the session not only facilitated fruitful interactions among them but also enhanced their understanding of the Institute. Chatting over tasty sweets and savories, attendees discussed their academic aspirations and swapped stories with their new friends. In November 2015, Prof George Smoot was invited to give a keynote at the National Challenge Cup competition in Guangzhou, which was co-hosted by HKUST and Guangdong University of Technology. BO Orientation for new Junior and Postdoctoral Fellows. 15

Sir John Pendry was conferred an honorary doctorate of Science at HKUST's 23'' Congregation 2015. BBB HI coo Ill~ BBB §§§ Feb 2016 IAS Community Sir John Pendry shared his experience with HKUST in the Global Alumni Conference in London. 18 Feb2016 IAS Community IRS VISITING PROFESSOR RECEIVES 2015 MATERIALS THEORY RWRRD IAS extends its congratulations to Visiting Professor Steven Louie for his receipt of the 2015 Materials Theory Award from the Materials Research Society (MRS). His contribution to the development of ab initio methods for, and the elucidation of, many-electron effects in electronic excitations and the optical properties of solids and nanostructures is seminal. Prof Louie's breakthrough solved the bandgap problem in electronic structure theory, complementing that of density functional theory for ground-state properties, in the process of creating a field with a worldwide following. The Materials Theory Award is presented annually to recognize exceptional advances in materials theory that alter our fundamental understanding of the structure and behavior of materials. Prof Louie joined IAS in 2011 and visits HKUST frequently to collaborate with HKUST faculty and share his insights. We were glad to meet Prof Louie at IAS in December 2015 and listened to his late t research findings of excited-state phenomena in materials. Photos from the 2015 MRS Fall Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts-courtesy of the Materia Is Research Society IAS Visiting Professor Steven Louie (middle) received the 2015 Materials Theory Award from the Chairman of the MRS Awards Committee, Prof Albert Polman (left), and 2015 MRS President, Prof Oliver Kraft (right), at the 201 S MRS Fall Meeting. Encountering the Beauty of Chinese literature IAS Program on Chinese Creative Writing 20 _ Since 2013, IAS has collaborated with the School of Humanities and Social Science and the Division of Humanities to offer Chinese Creative Writing programs. During the Fall term of 2015, three renowned Chinese writers were invited to our campus to share their knowledge and experience. Mr Su Tong a famous writer, gave a talk entitled 'Literature: Dreams of the Dream Sellers' to share about his literary pursuit; poet Ms Shu Ting spoke on the topic 'I am Misted: The Creation of Two Poems' to introduce misty poetry; and writer Mr Li Er asked 'What If Jia Baoyu Grows Up?' to talk about his study on the Chinese great classical novel, 'Dream of the Red Chamber' The students were thrilled at the opportunity to engage in a face-to-face dialogue with these world-renowned writers . • • 19 Feb 2016 Event Highlights Extending the Life of Green Energy IAS Seminar Series on Better Materials for Energy Related Applications via Inorganic Synthesis I 25 Sep, 12 Oct, 14 Oct 2015 . All governmental institutions throughout the world commonly agree that energy is the most important challenge for human in the next 50 years. Great hopes are placed in the use of renewable energies coming from the sun, wind, and biomass and so on. However, the conversion technologies of these energies are limited by the performance of the material. An IAS seminar series taught by IAS Senior Visiting Fellow, Prof Jean-Marie Tarascon, from College de France was organized to explore the possibility of producing new materials for energy related applications via either high and low temperature synthesis routes. From fundamental to application, the seminar series started with two introductory lectures on inorganic synthesis and followed by four lectures on energy-saving synthesis processes under the general discipline of 'chimie douce' (soft chemistry). Over 50 participants from chemistry and engineering attended the seminars. Solving Inverse Problems IASWorkshop on Inverse Problems, of the Real World ~~i~;9 20 This is the second year of IAS Si Yuan Professor Gunther Uhlmann's residence at HKUST. In addition to teaching a postgraduate course on Calderon's inverse problem during the fall term, Prof Uhlmann organized a workshop on Inverse Problems, Imaging and Partial Differential Equations to encourage interactions among interdisciplinary researchers in the field. Inverse problems are those where the causes of a desired or observed effect have yet to be determined. The enormous increase in computing power and development of dynamic algorithms in recent years have allowed the application of the techniques used to solve these problems to real-world problems of considerable complexity. About 50 participants attended the workshop, which included talks on topics ranging from wave propagation and super resolution to applications in medical imaging and seismic imaging. Given the diversity of applications related to the subject and the positive feedback from participants, Prof Uhlmann is planning to organize another IAS focused program in December 2016. H,.C A Glance on Light IAS Symposium on New Ways to Manipulate ~~~-a~n_d~S_o~u_n~d~~~~~~~~~~-~~-gh-~o_:~_:1;_un-d~~~~~~~~~~/ The ubiquitous presence of electromagnetic and acoustic waves means that their study dates back to antiquities. However, there has been a recent revolution in this classic field, propelled by both theory and experiments which demonstrate the feasibility of realizing man-made materials with wave manipulation capabilities beyond the defined limits found in nature. These advanced materials include photonic and phononic crystals, metamaterials and plasmonic structures. Co-sponsored by the Department of Physics, a symposium was held at IAS to review these recent developments. The symposium featured two plenary lectures given by IAS Visiting Professors, Sir John Pendry and Prof Mathias Fink, on nanoscale light and wave control respectively. Local researchers and young scholars, including IAS Senior Fellow Prof Ping Sheng and IAS Tin Ka Ping Fellow Dr Kun Ding, also shared their latest findings in the event. Traffic inside Cells IAS Conference and AoE Symposium on o,ganelle B;ogene,;, and Memb,ane T,afflck;ng I 7 - 9 Dec 2015 Eukaryotic cells (found in organisms including animals, plants, and fungi) are subdivided into multiple subcellular membrane compartments called organelles, the defective functions of which cause many human diseases. Thus, it is of great interest to understand how they are formed, how they assume their characteristic shape, and the trafficking of membrane and protein cargoes between organelles. Co-hosted with the Centre for Organelle and Biogenesis and Functions of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, IAS held a conference on Organelle Biogenesis and Membrane Trafficking, which brought together experts from the US, Germany, Belgium, Singapore, and China to exchange their latest research. Two signature lectures, delivered by Prof Tom Rapoport, IAS Visiting Professor from Harvard Medical School, and Prof Juan Bonifacino from the US National Institutes of Health, were the highlights of the event. 21 Feb 2016 Event Highlights Quantum Leap in Asian Winter School in Quantum Chemistry ~~~u_n_d_e_r_s_ta_n_d_ing~~~~~~-7-_11o_ec2-01_s~~~~~~--'/ 22 The Asian Winter School in Quantum Chemistry was led by IAS Visiting Professor Garnet Chan from Princeton University. The program was designed for graduate students wanting to gain an understanding of the theoretical principles underlying many of the methods used in modern quantum chemistry and condensed matter electronic structure research. The event comprised both in-depth theoretical lectures and hands-on computer sessions. The 50 student participants enjoyed the lectures and appreciated the coverage of various topics with an appropriate level of difficulty. They also praised the computer sessions, which allowed them to engage in face-to-face interactions with lecturers and gain hands-on practice. When Condensed Matter Meets Cold Atom IAS Program and Croucher Conference on Topological Phases ;n Condensed Matte, and Cold Atomk Systems/ 11-19Dec2015 The search for topological phases and the study of their properties have become two of the most important topics in condensed matter physics and cold atomic gases in recent years. The IAS Program and Croucher Conference on Topological Phases in Condensed Matter and Cold Atomic Systems held last Fall provided a platform for physicists and researchers from both fields to get together to share their research insights and experiences. Around 140 participants joined the 9-day event and over 60 talks were delivered. Recent developments in topological insulators, topological crystalline insulators, Majorana fermions and nodal topological phases such as 3D Dirac and Weyl semimetals were covered in the Condensed Matter session while artificial magnetic field, spin-orbit coupling, novel optical lattices and quantum fluids were discussed in the Cold Atom session. 4Rs in Genome ~,~.· \..l» . · - · Feb 2016 Event Highlights IAS Focused Program on Genome and Stability 16-19 Dec 2015 Technological improvements have advanced the study of genomes since the discovery of the duplex helical structure of DNA in the 1950s. A focused program on Genome Damage and Stability was held to explore new approaches in studying persistent problems in genome replication, repair, recombination, and reprogramming (the 4Rs). This also marked the initiation of a long-term collaboration between HKUST and the MRC Genome Damage and Stability Centre at the University of Sussex in the UK. Unlike other IAS programs, this event comprised over 40 short talks, 3 lectures, and plenty of free time for breakout sessions. The participants were able to discover each other's research aims, identify common problems of interest, and generate collaboration opportunities. A repeat of this small-scale yet precise program has been proposed for 2017 at Sussex. Transcription: IAS Focused Program on Mechanisms of Transcription and Its Regulation I ~~-Fr_o_m~ D_N_A~ to_R_N_A~~~~~~-4_-sJ_an_2016~~~~~~~ Transcription refers to the process of constructing a messenger RNA molecule using a DNA molecule as a template to transfer genetic information. It plays a significant role in gene expression. Since misregulation of the transcription complex is a major factor in cancer and other human diseases, an interdisciplinary IAS focused program on Mechanisms of Transcription and Its Regulation was held to explore the issue further. 60 scientists from diverse disciplines were brought together to discuss recent progress on structure-function relationship in transcription complexes, including those with associated regulatory factors. Among the 30 invited speakers, Prof Seth Darst from Rockefeller University and Prof John Lis from Cornell University gave IAS Distinguished Lectures to raise the students' awareness of the subject. Prof Xuhui Huang, the local organizer from the Department of Chemistry, was recently awarded a RGC Collaborative Research Fund on a project of a related topic. Stay tuned for another intriguing IAS focused program organized by Prof Huang in May 2016 on Molecular Machines of Life: Simulation Meets Experiment! 23 Feb2016 Event Highlights Vision to Future Colliders IAS Program on High Energy Physics ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-4--~2-9-Jan_20_1_6~~~~~~~~----'/ 24 Building on the success of the same program in 2015, IAS co-organized again with the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for a one-month program on High Energy Physics, which attracted more than 100 participants for fruitful academic exchanges. Apart from attendees of 2015, the program in 2016 welcomed a number of new faces from institutions in the US, Europe, Russia, Japan, Korea, mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Upon completion of 15 talks and discussion sessions in the program as well as 60 talks and a forum session in the conference, participants were invited to contribute white papers to the particle physics community by documenting the physics goals, options of future colliders, and the reach of the related experiments. Similar to the program in 2015, papers submitted in 2016 are expected to be published by World Scientific in dedicated issues of the International Journal of Modern Physics A. What Next in Network Science? IAS Focused Program on Graphical Models and Network Analysis I 5 - 8 Jan 2016 . Technological advancements in the past two decades have propelled us to the age of network, transforming the way we socialize, work and access information. The resulting explosion of network data has thus fueled the need of scientific analysis at a systematic level across various academic fields. The IAS focused program on Graphical Models and Network Analysis held in January 2016 brought top-notch mathematicians, statisticians and computer scientists together to share their latest findings in the growing field of network science, covering hot topics such as algorithms for understanding social networks and large-scale tagging of unstructured data. With the likes of IAS Visiting Professor Jianqing Fan from Princeton University and Prof Eric Xing from Carnegie Mellon University as speakers, the program attracted up to 90 participants in the compact course and 12 talks on the latest trends in network science. Ways to Manipulate Waves IAS Winter School and Workshop on Advanced Concepts in Wave Physics: Topology and Parity-time Symmetries I 11 - 15 Jan 2016 . To explore the application of modern concepts such as topological invariants and parity-time symmetry to the manipulation of wave, IAS organized a winter school and workshop on Advanced Concepts in Wave Physics: Topology and Parity-time Symmetries. In additional to the 10 lectures covering topological concepts, parity-time symmetry notions and their applications to physics of waves given by renowned physicists, over 30 talks were delivered by the speakers. Young scientists also seized the occasion to share their research with program participants through poster display and presentations. The ample discussions among participants during the program not only facilitated the exchange of research ideas, but also promoted more research collaborations across institutions. IAS Focused Program on Frontiers in The Future of Stem Cells Stem Cell Research ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~13~--1s_Jan_20_1_6~~~~~~~~~~/ Stem cell research has attracted much attention and gained strong momentum over the past 15 years, due to new breakthroughs in the field, the availability of new and powerful techniques, and the vast potential of stem cells in the regeneration of tissues damaged by injury or disease. As regional pioneers in this field, IAS and the Division of Life Science at HKUST co-organized a focused program on Frontiers in Stem Cells Research to further promote, spark interest, and stimulate discussion in the area of stem cell biology. 2li lclS Frontiers in Stem Cell Research With over a hundred leading scientists and talented researchers assembled, topics covering neural stem cells, muscle stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells were discussed. 25 Feb2016 Event Highlights The New Phase of Materials Innovation IAS Focused Program on Computational and Mathematical Problems in Materials Science 25-29 Jan 2016 26 Computational and mathematical methods have offered scientists and engineers new perspectives into the structure and properties of a material. This research area has become an essential ingredient of cutting-edge materials innovation, which has seen tremendous progress in recent years. Led by Prof Yang Xiang of the Department of Mathematics, a focused program on Computational and Mathematical Problems in Materials Science invited mathematicians, physicists, chemists and materials scientists for an interdisciplinary exploration of a wide array of research topics in this field. Almost 40 different talks were conducted with speakers from renowned institutions in mainland China, East Asia, Europe and North America. The program covered pioneering computational and mathematical models and theories that could play a crucial role in developing new materials to improve human life in the near future. The following events will take place between February and April 2016: 15Feb2016 18Feb2016 29 Feb2016 4 Mar2016 5-7 Mar2016 10 Mar 2016 11 Mar 2016 14 Mar 2016 16 Mar2016 18 Mar 2016 21 -22 Mar 2016 Mar-Apr 2016 15Apr2016 16 - 17 Apr 2016 25-28 Apr 2016 IAS I School of Science Joint Lecture on Osmotic Equilibrium of Colloidal Suspensions under Potential Forces IAS Distinguished Lecture on The Technology to Create the Magic IAS I School of Science Joint Lecture on How Does Gravitational Lensing Affect the Cosmological Distance Redshift Relation? IAS I School of Science Joint Seminar on Small Representations of Finite Groups 2016 International Conference on Organic Photovoltaic Materials and Devices IAS Distinguished Lecture on Corruption and Insider Trading: Evidence from Credit and Housing Markets IAS Distinguished Lecture IAS I School of Science Joint Lecture on In Search of Biologically Active Compounds Using the Tools of Chemical Synthesis IAS Distinguished Lecture on The Physics of Life and Evolution IAS Distinguished Lecture on Organizational Evolution and Dynamic Capabilities The 1' Hong Kong I Kyoto Workshop on Fractal Geometry and Related Areas The Intimacy of Creativity 2016 IAS I School of Science Joint Lecture on Are Insulin Hypersecretion and Food Additives a Cause of Obesity and Diabetes? Nanjing I Hong Kong Bilateral Workshop on Wave Functional Materials IAS Focused Program on Casimir and van der Waals Physics: Progress and Prospects Feb 2016 Forthcoming Events Daniel Ou-Yang Lehigh University; IAS Visiting Fellow Markus Gross Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich and Disney Research Nick Kaiser University of Hawaii; IAS Senior Visiting Fellow Roger Howe Yale University; IAS Visiting Professor Ching W. Tang HKUST Jian-Bin Xu The Chinese University of Hong Kong He Yan HKUST Sumit Agarwal National University of Singapore; IAS Senior Visiting Fellow Viswanath Venkatesh University of Arkansas; IAS Senior Visiting Fellow Andrei Yudin University of Toronto Adrian Bejan Duke University Daniel Levinthal University of Pennsylvania; IAS Visiting Professor Dejun Feng The Chinese University of Hong Kong Jun Kigami Kyoto University Ka-Sing Lau The Chinese University of Hong Kong Yang Wang HKUST Bright Sheng University of Michigan; IAS Visiting Professor Barbara Corkey Boston University Che Ting Chan HKUST Hui Liu Nanjing University Stefan Buhmann University of Freiburg Ho Bun Chan HKUST Diego Dalvit Los Alamos National Laboratory Daniel Lopez Argonne National Laboratory George Palasantzas University of Groningen Above is a partial list of our upcoming events. For the latest information, please visit http:/fwi1.u1t.hk/events 27 28 Call for Proposals As a unique academic platform where great minds converge, IAS offers unparalleled opportunities for HKUST faculty members to bring in renowned scholars from around the world for various forms of academic activities: IJ),, IAS Distinguished Lectures for distinguished scholars to give a lecture of general interests. IJ),, IAS Joint School Lectures I Seminars for outstanding scholars to give a talk of a specific topic. IJ),, IAS Programs comprising short courses, workshops, and in some cases postdoc-led I postgraduate student-led discussion sessions. Fully-fledged programs mostly take place during term break, while smaller-scale focused programs on particular topics are also organized during the term. IJ),, IAS Visitors Programs (IAS Visiting Professors, IAS Senior Visiting Fellows and IAS Visiting Fellows) for prestigious scholars to make regular visits to IAS on collaborative projects with HKUST faculty members. IJ),, Sponsorship of Plenary I Invited Speakers of Activities for faculty members to help IAS build clusters of research activities and new initiatives at HKUST in the form of standalone conferences, workshops, seminars, symposiums, etc. Please browse our webpage at http://ias.ust.hk/proposal for further details, or contact our Director Prof Henry Tye and Executive Director Prof Che Ting Chan to discuss further (email: ias@ust.hk I tel: 2358 5968).